What are Primes? Are they really important part of mathematics? Okay before getting into this let us talk a little about chemistry, what is the basis of chemistry? Without what chemistry would be incomplete? Obviously, it is the elements, which makes whole chemistry. In similar manner Prime numbers are Building blocks of Mathematics. Let us talk in detail about this;

The concept of primes is that “A number greater than one is said to be prime if it is divisible by one and number itself.” A few examples of prime numbers are 2,3,5,7,11 and so on. The history of prime shows earliest surviving records of explicit study of prime number comes from Ancient Greek Mathematics.

Among the small numbers primes are very common. Of the numbers 2 to 20, the numbers are 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19 are prime a total of eight out of nineteen. The remaining numbers are all composite; that is, they are not prime, since each number can be evenly divided by some smaller numbers (apart from 1). As we look at larger and larger numbers the primes appear to be thin out. While there are 5 primes below 10, there are only 24 below 100 and just 168 below 1000. If we see the average rate at which prime appears, they have an average rate of 0.5 below 10, 0.24 below 100 and just 0.168 below 1000. The table of prime and average up to 1 million is:

N	10	100	1000	10000	100000	100000
Average	0.5	0.24	0.168	0.123	0.096	0.078

The farther we go the smaller the average becomes. From here we can arise three questions;

· Does this thinning continue?

· Or do we reach a point where it reverses and we find a lot of primes?

· Or do we reach a point where we do not find primes at all?

One of these questions was answered by ancient Greek mathematician Euclid around 300 B.C, he proved that the primes continue forever and there are infinitely many of them. Later on, another mathematician showed that the average rate of primes is approximately equal to 1/ln(N). That is, we can say he noticed pattern of primes.